# Chapter2.py

'''
"Bob"[0] "Mary"[1] "Joe"[2]  "Mary"[3] -> data sample
Collection Classes elements/items are INdependent of each other
List  [] indexed, change, dups, singular, !sorted

Sets  {} singular, !sorted, !indexed, !dups, !change len(3)
{ "Bob", "Mary", "Joe" }
{ "Mary", "Joe", "Bob" }
{ "Joe", "Bob", "Mary" }
Excel unique()

Tuples () singular, immutable, positional id, dups, ordered
(4111111111111111, 12/25, 651, 32765) 

Dictionary/Map { key:value } , key:!dup, value:dup, key:!change, value:change
{ fName: "Bob",
lName: "Bob" }

fieldNames = ['fName','lName','age'] -> keyNames unique
contacts.fname
customer.fname

{
fieldNames[0] = value[0], #  fName: "Bob"
fieldNames[1] = value[1]  # lName: "Smith"
}
'''

''' Level 3
Dependent data elements pandas data frame
Dimensional Array
1 dim -> Series <col> -> value
2 dim -> row/col -> value
3 dim -> pivot1 row/col -> value
4 dim -> p2,p1 row/col -> value
...
7 dim -> p5,p4,p3,p2,p1 row/col -> value
'''

# bit, byte, char, strings, lists, 1dim, ..., 7 dim

# Lists page 25-28

firstNames = ["Bob","Mary","Joe"]
print(firstNames)
firstNames.append("Mary")
print(firstNames)

firstNames[0] = "Robert"
print(firstNames)

# Loop thru the elements in a collection
## for x in ys
## x is the local variable in the scope of for
## ys is the data set
## for "each element/item" in "data set": do something

print("Contact Information")
print("===================")
print("List of Current Contacts")

row = 1
for firstName in firstNames:
    # template variable
    print(f"Contact ID: {row} Contact First Name: {firstName}")
    # parameterization
    # print("Contact ID:", row, "Contact First Name:", firstName)
    # join operator
    # print("Contact ID: " + str(row) + " Contact First Name: " + firstName)
    row += 1  # structural
    # for keyword
    ## indexes and gets the len list len(4)
    ## create a range(0:3)
    ## control i and loops increment
    ## built in break out of range

# The data set for this prompt is firstNames, and the type is a list. Ask the user what contact they want to update. Assign the id to an index by subtracting 1 from the int() input from the user. Then ask the user what the new contact name will be. Reprint the list.

updateID = int( input("What contact do you want to change? "))
# test or validate the input [1:4]
i = updateID - 1

firstNames[i] = input("What is the updated name? ")

print("New Contact List")
print(firstNames)

# coders -> programmers -> developers -> senior dev -> engineer -> senior e

# Production aka Real World
lastNames = [] # When needing a list to append, it is a best practice to create the list object in memory first, then use it.

lastNames.append("Smith")
lastNames.append("Jones")
lastNames.append("Johnson")

print(lastNames) # ['Smith', 'Jones', 'Johnson']

# 3 ways we handle object definition in memory
'''
objName -> visible object in memory
_objName -> hidden object in memory
__objName__ -> attr of an object in memory

ccinfo() -> _ccinfo[] -> ccinfo() 
user -> _hidden -> objMemory

'''

# Tuples page 30
# There is no need to create an empty tuple first, as a tuple can not be mutated. The tuple can be created when the data is passed.

print("=== Credit Card Information ===")
print("===============================")

# Ask the user to enter their credit card informaion, using ccNum, ccExp, ccCode and ccZip
print("=== Please provide your credit card info for your purchase ===")

# Credit Card Number
## Store a string
## Validate as 16 digit number [0-9] must start with [4-9]
## use re module to test the user input page 89 Level 2
ccNum = input('Enter you credit card number: ')

# Expiration Date
ccExp = input('Enter Expiration Date (mm/yyyy): ')

# Security Code
ccCode = input('Enter your Security Code: ')

# Zip Code
## Use 5 digit format, not 5-4 format
ccZip = input('Enter your zip code (12345): ')

# Create a tuple with the user-supplied inputs
ccInfo = (ccNum, ccExp, ccCode, ccZip)

# Pass the tuple thru the cc api for processing, if approved, print approved", if declined, print declined. And if declined ask the user for new ccInfo

# call the api/function page 38

# get the result
result = "declined" # api passes back to our program "approved" or "declined"

if result == "approved":
    print(ccInfo)
    print("Amount approved by Merchant")
else:
    print("Credit Card Declined. Please confirm your credit card information.")
    reviewCcNum = "CC Number: " + ccInfo[0] # variable
    print(reviewCcNum)
    reviewCcExp = "CC Exp: " + ccInfo[1] # join
    print(reviewCcExp)
    print("CC Code:", ccInfo[2]) # parameterization -> don't add variable
    reviewCcZip = f"Zip Code: {ccInfo[3]}" # template variable view
    print(reviewCcZip)

    # loop back to tuple inputs and tuple object

# Sets page 31
## Don't want duplicate product info in our cart
## performance for controller class from the set
## use a nested tuple for the product data, so that another object can NOT mutate our cart data

'''
{
 (sku, desc, price),
 (sku, desc, price),
 (sku, desc, price)
} # close set
'''

products = {
    # (int sku, string desc, float price)
    ( 1111, "Mens Running Shoe", 129.95 ),
    ( 1112, "Womens Hat", 65.25),
    ( 1113, "Childrens Socks", 14.56)
} # products

print("All product data in the products set")
print("====================================")
print(products)
# {(1112, 'Womens Hat', 65.25), (1111, 'Mens Running Shoe', 129.95), (1113, 'Childrens Socks', 14.56)}
print("====================================")

# Access each individual tuple in the set
print("=== Product Data ===")
print("====================")

for productTuple in products:
    # architecture for productTuple  (int, string, float)
    # sku int, desc string, price float
    # data model for the products = local variable for loop
    productSKU, productName, productPrice = productTuple
    # variable/property = param passed

    # create a list from the tuple so we can use the int and the float as strings
    list_productTuple = list(productTuple)

    # format the productSKU int to view (ignore the data type)
    # string_productSKU = f"" 
    string_productSKU = "Product SKU: {}".format(productSKU)
    print(string_productSKU)
    # productName is already a string. nothing to do here
    print("Product Name: " + productName)
    # productPrice is a float, convert to string using str()
    print("Product Price: $" + str(productPrice))

    # option 2 to format BOTH int and float to string
    string_productInfo = "SKU: {} Price: ${}".format(productSKU, productPrice)
    string_productSKU_productPrice = "SKU: {} Price: ${}".format(productSKU, productPrice)
    print(string_productSKU_productPrice)

    # type_el1_el2
    # type_elInfo -> more than 2 elements use

    # EOF