# Chapter7.py chapter7.py

# File Input/Output I/O IO
## txt -> Python Core print() int() str() input()
## csv -> Python Standard 
### import csv
### from csv import objectName
### import csv as nameSpace/alias
### all other file types -> pip install module Level 2/3

## Both the txt and csv use the open()
## open() Python Core -> file I/O
## txt files have to be MANUALLY closed with close()
## csv files have a natural close()

# Open a txt file using the with keyword and the open() function
# 3 common modes
## 'r' -> read a file, if the file does NOT exist, it will throw a File Not Found error
## 'w' -> write to a file, this is an overwrite. If the file does NOT exist, it will create it, then write the data
## 'a' -> appends the new data to the end of the file. If the file does NOT exist, it will create the file and write the data

## mode='a'   attr='value' internal attr to the open()
### open('filename.txt', mode='a')
## append() -> appends to the end of the obj, as a pipe

## 'with' keyword will always have an 'as' keyword
### with open() as alias

# data validation
## web app client side -> javascript?
## desktop -> regular expressions (level 2)
## if statement to test the input
## state with only 2 chars   if len(state) == 2
## database field ONLY accepts 5 char -> what to test on the client side BEFORE write database

def isEmailValid():
    pass

def isPhoneValid():
    pass

filename = 'myContacts.txt'

with open(filename, 'a') as file:
    # inside this with scope, myContacts.txt is defined as 'file'
    # all IO they will have reader() and writer()/ read() write()
    contact = input("Enter contact full name: ")
    file.write(contact + '\n')
    print(f"Contact: {contact} successfully written to {file}.")
    file.close()
'''
userMode = input("How do you want to open the file (r->read,a->append,w->write)")
paramMode = f"'{userMode}'"
open(filename, paramMode)
'''

# Read the new data using the read()
with open(filename, 'r') as file:
    # Read all data into the variable in memory
    content = file.read()
    print(content) 
    file.close()

print("---------------------")

# csv Module
import csv
csvfile = 'contacts.csv'
rows = [] # List to handle any data sets
print(rows) # empty
with open(csvfile) as f:
    # no mode assumes 'r'
    csv_reader = csv.reader(f,delimiter=',')
    for row in csv_reader:
        rows.append(row) # append each row from the reader to a list named rows
print(rows) # data from the reader
headerrow = rows[0] # rows are indexed 1st row is [0]
datarows = rows[1:] # [start:end]
print("Date from the CSV File")
print("-----------------------")
print(headerrow)
for dataRow in datarows:
    print("Contact Info")
    print("-------------")
    # dataRows is a representation of a list type with 3 elements
    for item in dataRow:
        print(f'Contact First Name: {dataRow[0]}')
        print(f'Contact Last Name: {dataRow[1]}')
        print(f'Contact Age: {dataRow[2]}')